Leopard Shark

Overview

The leopard shark is a striking houndshark easily recognized by the bold black saddle markings and large spots across its back. Native to the eastern Pacific, it thrives in shallow coastal waters and frequently gathers in bays and estuaries. This species is a familiar sight for divers and beachgoers along the North American coastline.

Distribution & habitat

This species inhabits the Pacific coast of North America, ranging from Oregon in the United States down to Mazatlán in Mexico, including the Gulf of California. They prefer nearshore environments and are commonly encountered swimming over sandy flats, muddy bottoms, and rocky terrain close to kelp forests and reefs.

Appearance

Featuring a slender and streamlined body, the leopard shark derives its common name from the distinct pattern of dark spots and saddle-like bars covering its dorsal surface. Each tooth typically possesses a prominent central cusp flanked by smaller cusplets, a feature reflected in its scientific genus name.

Biology & behavior

Leopard sharks are social animals that frequently form large schools, particularly in protected bays and estuarine areas during warmer months. They are active swimmers that cruise smoothly over shallow benthic zones.