Black Squat Lobster

Overview

The Black Squat Lobster is a small, common crustacean found throughout the northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Despite its name and lobster-like appearance, it is more closely related to hermit crabs than to true lobsters.

Appearance

This species typically reaches a total length of up to 65 mm. Its body is dorsoventrally flattened and ranges in color from chestnut brown to greenish-black, often with a characteristic striated appearance. The carapace features a triangular rostrum with four spines on each side, and the first pair of legs are elongated, ending in well-developed, spiny claws covered in scale-like tubercles. Juveniles often display a brighter, more reddish coloration compared to the darker adults.

Distribution & habitat

Commonly found from Norway to the Azores and throughout the Mediterranean, these crustaceans prefer rocky coastlines, maerl beds, and sandy areas. They are primarily benthic, frequently hiding in rock crevices, fissures, or under boulders and cobbles. While they are often found in shallow intertidal zones at low tide, they also inhabit deeper sublittoral waters.

Biology & behavior

Primarily nocturnal, the Black Squat Lobster is a shy and cryptic species that spends much of its time concealed. When threatened or disturbed, it can move with surprising speed, using its tail to propel itself backward through the water. It functions as both a scavenger and a filter feeder, consuming a variety of organic matter, detritus, and occasionally small prey captured with its claws.