Forkbeard

Overview

The forkbeard (Phycis phycis) is a benthopelagic fish belonging to the family Phycidae. It is widely distributed across the Mediterranean Sea and the Northeast Atlantic, ranging from the Bay of Biscay to Morocco and the Azores.

Appearance

This species features a robust, fusiform body that is typically brownish-red or dark brown on the back, fading to a paler shade on the belly. It is easily identified by its wide mouth with thick lips and a distinct sensory barbel on the chin. A key diagnostic feature is its pelvic fins, which are modified into elongated, bifid (forked) filaments. The dorsal and caudal fins are rounded, and the vertical fins often display dark coloration with a potential pale margin.

Distribution & habitat

Forkbeards are non-migratory fish that inhabit a variety of seafloor types, including rocky, sandy, and muddy bottoms. While they are often found near rocky outcrops and cavities, they typically occupy depths between 100 and 200 meters, though they have been recorded at much greater depths.

Biology & behavior

These fish are primarily nocturnal, spending the daylight hours hiding in crevices or among rocks. They are considered slow-growing, long-lived animals. Breeding activity generally occurs between January and May. As a carnivorous species, the forkbeard feeds on a diet consisting of small fish and various benthic invertebrates, such as crustaceans and mollusks.